The article considers the problems of adaptation of existing and development of new diagnostic algorithms and methods of remote monitoring of the physiological state of a person in relation to the Internet of Things technology. In order to reduce the energy consumption of the wearable unit and biomedical signal sensors, reduce the redundancy of the recorded and transmitted diagnostic information, the critical situation recognition process is divided into two stages. At the first stage, the main indicators (heart rate and human fall signal) are monitored. If they do not comply with the norm, additional signals are analyzed (the second stage) to confirm the critical situa tion and determine the degree of alarm.

The problem of perception of visual information by people with color vision anomalies remains quite relevant, as evidenced by the interest in studying this problem not only in medicine, but also in the field of medical technology. Researchers around are working on the task to create algorithms and software that can transform images and videos in accordance with their correct perception by people with color blindness. However, today there are no algorithms that allow people with any type, form, and degree of color vision anomaly to correctly perceive the visual information surrounding them. Based on the considered advantages and disadvantages of existing algorithms, conclusions were drawn about the requirements for the designed recoloring algorithms, which are planned to be implemented in software to help people with color perception issues. Such algorithms will not only allow correct video conversion for people with dichromacy and monochromacy but will also enable users with any degree of anomalous trichromacy to perceive the world around them most accurately. In addition, these algorithms will be distinguished by the high speed of the recolorization process, and the “naturalness” of the colors obtained in the process of transformations.

A mathematical model of the biomechanics of human respiration has been developed. To verify the proposed mathematical model, it is suggested to use a photo-optical method for recording the biomechanics of the chest and abdomen together with spirometry. Pilot studies were carried out among 10 men aged 20–22. The body mass index of the subjects ranged from 19.3 to 21.5 kg/m², height – from 169 to 182 cm, weight – from 55 to 70 kg. Correlation-regression analysis of the results showed a strong relationship between biomechanical movements of the chest and abdominal walls and changes in the diameters of the airways during continuous breathing (correlation coefficient r = 0.89, statistically significant test result p ≤ 0.05). The proposed mathematical model can be used for indirect estimation of lung volume.

This work aims at the development of a method of electromagnetic activation of salicylic acid molecules per se (SA) through the ultrasonic (20 kHz) complexation with oxidized zinc-graphene structure. The result of this work implies synthesized nanopartiсles “ZnO – partially restored graphene oxide (rGO) – SA” with the average size of (5.53 ± 0.11) nm and hexagonal wurtzite zinc oxide structure with complexed SA molecules. Complexation of SA with “ZnO – rGO” matrix causes magnification of electromagnetic field of SA by 10² times with the local enhancement at the contact with ZnO by 10³ times, and therefore allowing selective electromagnetic activation of drug molecules. The developed method of “ZnO – rGO – SA” nanoparticles formation can be applied to many different drugs and drug-based devices, thereby introducing a great interest in medicinal electronics and nanomedicine.  

Motion capture systems are a key tool for performing quantitative analysis and evaluation of complex in movements sports. The prospect of the development and practical application of markerless motion capture tecnology in applied biomechanics increases research interest regarding the features of using such systems, as well as evaluat ing their accuracy and reliability in comparison with marker-based motion capture systems, which are the gold standard nowadays. Markerless motion capture systems have incomparable advantages over marker-based ones.

In particular, significantly reduced time costs for the registration and data processing procedures, since registration is represented by filming a video from different angles, and processing is accompanied by the use of software algorithms for tracking the silhouette of an athlete using a presetted computer avatar. However, there is still no clear answer regarding the accuracy and reliability of the data recorded using markerless motion capture systems in relation to specific sports movements. Thus, the purpose of the presented work is to assess the statistical relationship of the data based on the correlation analysis of biomechanical variables on the example of a golf swing recorded using the Qualisys motion capture system and Simi Reality Motion markerless motion capture system.

When conducting electrophysiological studies, electrodes are used to register bioelectrical signals, the correct choice and use of which determine the reliability and diagnostic significance of the data obtained. Recording an electrocardiogram is a standard procedure in medicine, but its monitoring is often limited to 24 hours.

This is due to the limited performance of the electrodes. The properties of the skin/electrode interface determine the performance of medical equipment. Therefore, the surface conditions and the composition of the material from which the electrode is made should comply with the requirements of the electrocardiogram recording device. It is important to implement fast transmission of a useful signal with low losses and without artifacts. Modern electrodes using Ag/AgCl have a limited-service life, since their dehydration and surface degradation lead to the formation of various artifacts on the electrocardiogram record. Alternative – dry flexible electrodes. Such electrodes can be based on carbon materials (reduced graphene oxide or a diamond-like coating) on a plastic (film) substrate. The emphasis of modern research is aimed at carrying out work on the development of dry electrodes, which would provide an opportunity to carry out high-quality long-term registration of electrocardiosignals without gels and adhesives.

The design features of medical electronic devices are considered. It is shown that the development of medical electronics is not an easy task and the designer must be prepared to face problems and regulations that are more strict than for household appliances, due to the fact that the failure of these devices to work properly can lead to tragic consequences, up to death. A number of difficulties that arise in the process of designing medical equipment is shown, which is presented in the form of a hierarchy of decisions. The main standards for designing devices of such type are given, among which there are IEC-60601-1-1 and IEC-60601-1-2 that deserve special attention, since compliance with their requirements is crucial for certification and release to the market of manufactured equipment. The use of a risk management matrix is proposed, which is used to provide quantitative indicators for each possible risk associated with a medical device in any mode of operation and possible malfunction.

A method is proposed for delivering an absorbed dose to a target during brachytherapy for cervical cancer by using a new applicator, which consists of an annular part and two uterine canals. The design of the applicator makes it possible to implement it to the required depth, taking into account the anatomical features, to widely cover the cervix and corporis of a womb with a 100 % isodose of irradiation, which makes it possible to deliver the planned dose. The patient admitted to the brachytherapy department received the first treatment fraction using the Interstitial Ring applicator, the second and subsequent fractions were performed using the proposed applicator (6 fractions in total). In comparison with the standard applicator Interstitial Ring, the use of the proposed applicator made it possible to increase the coverage of the target with the prescribed dose from 69.2 to 95.5 %. This led to an increase in the absorbed dose per target for a course of radiation therapy from the planned 70.4 to 85.4 Gy. Twelve treatment plans for 3 patients were analyzed using different dose fractionation schemes. In all three cases, it was possible to increase the coverage of the target with the prescribed dose, which led to an increase in the total absorbed dose per target, which was more than 85 Gy. The proposed method has been successfully applied in the N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Centre during brachytherapy for cancer of the cervix and corporis of a womb.

The methodology for preparing data for teaching neural networks is considered in solving two problems: checking the modality of computed tomography and checking the modality of radiographic images. The algorithm for preparing data for neural networks training is proposed. The influence of the stages (marking of images, normalization of data, determining the dynamic image range, the composition of the training sample) of the algorithm for the learning result is evaluated. The greatest influence in solving the task of modality verification of modality was the choice of optimal values of the dynamic range. The change in the composition of the training sample made it possible to increase the accuracy of the classification by 0.0073. When solving the task of checking the modality of images of computed tomography, the most impact on the result of the training of the neural network had the stage of data normalization. The assumption is put forward that there are special signs of images of this modality.

Mastering foreign languages is a deep process that covers several areas of human activity, including not only psycholinguistics, but also cognitive psychology, while affecting the area of interaction between consciousness and the unconscious. In the XXI century, a new technological basis has appeared, combining information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence. The systematic approach serves as a mechanism that allows combining modern technologies with those methods of teaching foreign languages that were previously available only to a narrow circle of specialists. The purpose of the research is to develop a training system created on the basis of modern information and communication technologies for acquiring speech skills of foreign language proficiency by adults on a massive scale. The article provides a brief description of the psycholinguistic aspects that can significantly reduce the duration of training. The proposed learning management system should work in combination with a methodologically precisely integrated linguistic system and ensure the formation of the speech zone of the acquired language in the adult learner’s mind during the learning process. The main result can be considered a conceptual solution to the problem of simultaneous interaction of the language system and the means of information and communication technologies that ensure the sustainable formation of foreign language thinking of adults in the process of developing professional and language skills, presented at the system level. And the introduction of the student’s psyche directly into the educational process management circuit should be considered as a new direction in the development of e-learning.

The effect of reducing the damaged organ cell number and size in different areas of the human body (in case of carcinomas, cerebral thrombosis, heart attacks, damaged chest and cervical vertebrae areas, in case of coronavirus and dental pulpitis) was studied using a halogen lamp. The tests were conducted on patients when curing different diseases using periodic implementation of halogen lamp (500 W) with duration from 0.5 to 1 hour, while controlling its light frequency and intensity. The tests were carried out on a group consisting of 170 patients. The results were successful when it came to curing: coronavirus – up to 80 % success rate; cancerous tumors, strokes, heart attacks, and damaged parts of the cervical vertebrae – up to 70 % success rate; and dental pulpits – up to 90 % success rate. By analyzing the practical results received, one can come to a conclusion that the effect of reducing the number and size of damaged organ cells by using a halogen lamp can be used to cure many diseases. The most important is to cure COVID-19. 

The features of the bismuth oxide deposition by the ion layering method on matrices of anodic alumina and anodic titania have been studied. The formed nanostructured systems have been studied by means of electron micros copy, X-ray microanalysis, and X-ray spectroscopy. Two-layer nanocomposites consist of porous matrix or TiO₂ island film with vertically oriented Bi₂O₃ plates placed on the surface. The photoluminescence spectrum of Al₂O₃/Bi₂O₃ oxide structure contains two photoluminescence channels with peaks at 460 and 560 nm upon excitation at 345 nm. Analysis of the EDX spectra showed that the atomic ratio of Bi, Ti and O was 31.46 % Bi : 3.78 % Ti : 51.05 % O. The possibility of using complex nanocomposite as contrast agents in X-ray diagnostics and for protection against ionizing radiation is shown.

This paper presents the results of the analysis of existing methods for clustering data obtained during endoscopy of a larynx. A modification of the Viola-Jones method for image recognition using the flexible exit criterion is proposed. The Viola-Jones method explores all areas in the image and decides whether the recognized area belongs to the desired one by passing through a classified cascade. Endoscopic images have a large number of features, such as flare, noise, etc., which degrade the quality of recognition. To improve the quality of recognition, clustering with a flexible exit criterion was proposed, which satisfies the scalability criteria: changing the decision of the solution, instead of moving to another recognition area. It has been established that the proposed modification of the Viola-Jones method shows higher recognition results for endoscopic images.

The lack of universal (generalized) data sets, as well as the lack of annotated data, creates the need to study the possibilities of neural network approaches for specific data sets. The importance of building algorithms for detecting extrapulmonary pathologies on chest X-ray images is dictated by the great social significance of many diseases of this group (for example, cardiovascular diseases), given the availability of such images, due to the widespread use of minimally invasive and relatively cheap X-ray diagnostic methods. One of the most impor tant issues in solving the problems of automating the classification of medical images is data preparation. As a result of work on the image base, the performance of the final algorithm has been increased from 75 to 95 %. The processing of the entire volume of the obtained images and their diagnostics for a wide list of pathologies are difficult for medical institutions because of the limited resources. In this regard, it is advisable to use the automation of segmentation and recognition processes, which even at the first stages of development of the technology makes it possible to redistribute the attention of doctors, focusing on potentially pathological cases and returning attention to cases mistakenly identified as non-pathological.

A model for the flow of a gas mixture in the respiratory circuit of an artificial lung ventilation apparatus has been developed. This model can be used to calculate the optimal values for artificial lung ventilation. It can also be used to simulate various situations that may arise during the treatment of a patient. In this paper, the cases were considered when the tubes were straight and when they were subjected to physical pressure, as well as when the tubes were subjected to a change in geometry (bent). The values of excess pressure in the respiratory circuit of the artificial lung ventilation apparatus were calculated. Recommendations on the use of the model are given.