The effect of Si3N4 and SiO2 passivation films on the off-state breakdown performance of the AlGaN/AlN/GaN high electron mobility transistor with a source- or gate-connected field plate was investigated using TCAD simulations. It was discovered that the breakdown voltage of the field-plated device structure passivated by SiO2 is noticeably higher compared to Si3N4, which contrasts with the results usually observed for transistors without field plates. It was also determined that the intrinsic stress in Si3N4 passivation films of certain thickness (250–300 nm) exerts a significant influence on the breakdown characteristics, with tensile-stressed layers allowing to increase the breakdown voltage. Finally, the device structure with a combined Si3N4/SiO2 passivation stack and a gate field plate was analyzed.

A methodology for analyzing and assessing the average electromagnetic background levels in various configurations of a typical Dense urban-eMBB 5G scenario in the FR1 and FR2 frequency ranges is proposed, taking into account the contribution of subscriber terminal radiations to the average levels of generated radio frequency electromagnetic background. The necessary increase in the spectral efficiency of radio channels is analyzed to ensure safe implementation of this scenario for the population, associated with the use of MIMO technology and base station antennas that provide adaptive formation of narrow beams in the direction of the subscriber terminals being served.

The influence of cleaning parameters in high-density inductively coupled argon plasma on the surface morphology of glass substrates and the characteristics of their optical emission spectrum was studied. Cleaning was performed with RF source power ranging from 100 to 2000 W and durations of up to 150 s. Surface morphology was analyzed using atomic force microscopy, and plasma diagnostics were provided by optical emission spectroscopy. It was established that cleaning parameters at a discharge power of 300 W and duration of 60 s ensure minimal surface roughness and contaminant removal without surface damage. Spectral analysis revealed an increase in the intensity of argon atomic lines with increasing power and gas flow rate, reflecting an increase in excited particle density and electron temperature. The obtained dependencies can be used for automated monitoring and adjustment of plasma cleaning regimes in technological processes.

An analysis of statistical methods used to quantify damageability indicators for solid deformable media is conducted. These indicators include critical volume and integral damageability. The article discusses two algorithms, one based on constructing a regular orthogonal grid over the potentially damaged region, and the other on applying the Monte Carlo method to calculating the multiple integral of the local damageability function. Algorithms for each approach are described, and their convergence is analyzed depending on the number of computational nodes. The local damage function at each point of the material was defined as the ratio of the acting stresses at the point to the ultimate stresses. The effective stresses were calculated using the boundary element method. Parallel computation methods were used in developing the algorithms.

The article presents the results of a study examining the influence of microwave electromagnetic energy on the low-frequency component of a combined (microwave and low-frequency) discharge plasma. The output electrical parameters of a low-frequency generator and the optical characteristics of a combined medium-vacuum discharge plasma were experimentally studied. It was determined that, during the generation of a discharge formed by the simultaneous action of microwave and low-frequency fields in a single discharge volume at a pressure of 20–100 Pa, a constriction effect of the low-frequency component of the combined discharge may occur. This effect consists of a change in the current transfer conditions in the plasma layer between the electrodes under the influence of a magnetic field, which leads to a decrease in the amplitude of the low-frequency generator output voltage. The dependence of the change in the voltage amplitude of the low-frequency generator on the output power of the microwave generator power source was established.

To enhance the accuracy of solving magnetostatic equations at permanent-magnet boundaries, we propose a conservative finite-difference scheme for the scalar magnetic potential based on the integro-interpolation method. The features of discretization of magnetization divergence in regions of a function having discontinuities of the first kind are considered. To validate the scheme, we developed an algorithm and implemented a program for computing permanent magnets using Python 3.11 and the Taichi library. The proposed scheme preserves conservation laws and ensures high computational accuracy, making the results applicable to magnetic-field calculations in technological discharge devices for the formation of functional layers and coatings in microelectronics and optics, as well as to engineering problems related to magnetic dynamics.

The article presents the results of studies of the characteristics of reflection and transmission of electromagnetic radiation screens in the microwave range, which are polymer substrates with multilayer coatings consisting of a layer of magnetic alloy of the Fe–Ni, Fe–Co or Ni–Co systems and an Al or Al–Cu sublayer with a surface resistance of no more than 0.1 Ohm/sq. The application modes for such coatings and screen manufacturing technologies are presented. The effect of the inclusion of Al and Al–Cu sublayers in the coating structure of the screens under consideration on the values of their reflection and transmission coefficients of microwave electromagnetic radiation is investigated. It is established that screens with a Fe–Ni coating have the lowest values of the reflection coefficients of electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range of 2–17 GHz (up to –8.5 dB). At the same time, the transmission coefficient of electromagnetic radiation in the specified frequency range of such screens is –11.8 dB. It was shown that by incorporating Al and Cu sublayers into the coating structure of these screens, their electromagnetic radiation reflectivity in the 2–17 GHz frequency range increases to –0.1 dB, while their transmission coefficient decreases to –31.3 dB. These data can be used in the development of microwave electromagnetic radiation screens with reduced weight and dimensions.

The process of selecting post-quantum cryptography algorithms for standardization based on parameters proposed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is described. The resistance of post-quantum cryptography algorithms to attacks by classical and quantum computers is assessed, taking into account their specific features. The different numbers of operations for attacks by quantum and classical computers are substantiated. The parallelization potential of post-quantum cryptography algorithms is analyzed. It is noted that, despite the proposed use of quantum computers, the primary goal of cryptography is the application of algorithms based on problems that are not reducible to problems of P-class complexity.

The current technological race to increase the volume of received, processed, and transmitted information plays a crucial role in the security of any country, as these areas are fundamental for the deployment of complex linguistic and experimental models, or frontier models, used in digital ecosystems and military affairs. This is particularly true for communications equipment and the strength of their cryptographic encryption. Compromising transmitted information, hidden from official subscribers of a closed radio network, can cause far greater damage than its failure. Given the rapid pace of change and innovation, countries without their own manufacturing capabilities are forced to manufacture digital encryption modules in other countries, which carries the risk of introducing hardware Trojans. This article describes the results of software testing of a neural network capable of detecting information compromise in an AES-256 (Advanced Encryption Standard) encryption module based on the analysis of received and transmitted information without a “golden reference”.

This article examines the integration of blockchain, distributed file system, and virtualization technologies (including Virtual SAN, VSAN) to improve data storage privacy and efficiency. The limitations of traditional centralized storage models are presented, such as vulnerability to tampering, limited flexibility in access control, difficulty in auditing, and low resource efficiency. A concept for an integrated data storage system based on blockchain smart contracts is proposed. This system incorporates data encryption, implementation of an access control strategy based on blockchain attributes, the use of virtualization optimized through VSAN, distributed key management, and privacy-enhancing technologies (zero-knowledge proof, trusted computing environment). The proposed architecture provides flexible access control, efficient data processing, and a high level of security in a public or private blockchain environment.

This paper analyzes methods for constructing controlled random tests based on scaling initial templates representing tests with a small number of patterns and low bit size. The advantages and disadvantages of scalingbased approaches, which can significantly reduce the computational costs required to construct controlled random tests with specified characteristics, are highlighted. A general approach for constructing controlled random tests based on a scaling matrix is formulated, allowing the use of low-dimensional tests. The effectiveness of twodimensional scaling of both binary vectors and templates is demonstrated, increasing not only the bit size of test patterns but also their number. Dependencies for determining the resulting test metrics based on the characteristics of the scaling matrix and template are obtained.

This paper examines the problem of automatically detecting signs of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis based on the analysis of the acoustic characteristics of a voice signal. The openSMILE library with the ComParE_2016 configuration was used to extract functional acoustic features of the voice. Audio recordings from the Minsk2020_ALS voice database, which includes recordings of both healthy patients and patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, were used as input. Voice features were compared between groups using the nonparametric Mann–Whitney test and FDR correction for multiple comparisons, with separate analysis by gender. An experiment on classifying voice signals was conducted using a nested cross-validation procedure. The resulting classifiers had a correct detection probability of 75.0 % (for male voices) and 74.2 % (for female voices). Statistically significant acoustic parameters that may be useful in automated diagnostics and monitoring of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis were identified.

This paper presents the architecture of a multi-scale, multi-input neural network for simultaneously processing groups of histological image fragments acquired at different magnifications. The proposed model integrates features at the hidden layer level, which allows for efficient fusion of tissue structure information at different detail scales. Experimental results have shown that applying three magnification levels on one side of a fragment (98.58; 197.16, and 394.32 μm) provides an optimal balance between the information content of the input data and the stability of the model. Using this architecture, the average F1-score increased by 5 % compared to a single-scale approach, reaching a value of 0.8962 ± 0.0508, and in some runs – 0.9697. The observed standard deviation is due to the natural variability of medical data during the formation of training samples, rather than to model instability. The obtained results confirm the promise of multiscale analysis for digital pathology tasks and demonstrate the potential of the proposed solution as a means of automated detection of suspicious areas in fullslide images.

An analysis of digital tools used in the electoral process in several countries has shown that the digital transformation of electoral relations is an objective development direction in the modern world. This article examines the need to create a conceptual framework for the digitalization of the electoral process in Belarus, which will contribute to increased accessibility of elections for all categories of citizens and the efficient allocation of resources.