Efficiency of Electromyographic Examination in Dental Patients with Signs of Bruxism to Determine the Functional State of the Muscles of the Maxillofacial Region

The bioelectrical activity of the masticatory and temporal muscles at rest and under voluntary ten  sion in patients with clinical signs of bruxism was assessed. An excess of the average amplitude values for the right and left masticatory and temporal muscles under voluntary tension was found in patients with clinical signs of bruxism compared to patients in the control group. The study of the average resting amplitude for the masticatory and temporal muscles in patients with signs of bruxism compared to patients in the control group allowed us to determine an increase in values for both the masticatory and temporal muscles. The obtained data indicate persistent functional disorders of the muscles of the maxillofacial region in patients with clinical signs of bruxism, which is characterized by a pronounced deviation in the values of the average and maximum amplitudes at rest and under voluntary tension, as well as asymmetry of the amplitude-frequency characteristics. Analysis of bioelectr ical activity data of masticatory and temporal muscles at rest and under voluntary tension after a course of comp lex therapy indicates a marked decrease in this indicator and its tendency to similar values in patients of the control group. The revealed asymmetry of bioelectrical activity of temporal muscles after the course of therapy was not determined, but it remained at the same values in the masticatory muscles proper, which is due to the complexi ty of the symptom complex, including bruxism and disorders of the masticatory-speech apparatus and requiring an expansion of the rapeutic methods of etiopathogenetic orientation. The effectiveness of the complex of treatment methods will be higher with the use of pathogenetic therapy. 

1. Kleinrock M. (2015) Functional Disorders of the Motor Part of the Chewing Apparatus. Lviv, GalDent Publ. 120–178 (in Russian).

2. Rubnikovich S. P., Grishchenkov A. S. (2018) Substantiation of Differentiated Psychological Approach in Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation of Patients with Functional Disorders of Temporomandibular Joints. Stomatology. Aesthetics. Innovations. (2), 208–220 (in Russian).

3. Cárdenas H., Ogalde A. (2002) Relationship Between Occlusion and EMG Activity of the Masseter Muscles During Clenching at Maximal Intercuspal Position: A Comparative Study Between Prognathics and Controls. Cranio. 20 (2), 99–104.

4. Chan С. A. (2004) Applying the Neuromuscular Principles in TMD and Orthodontics. Journal American Orthodontic Society. 4 (2), 20–29.

5. Rubnikovich S. P., Grishchenkov A. S. (2018) Differentiated Psychological Approach in the Diagnosis of Diseases of the Temporomandibular Joints and Masticatory Muscles. Medical Journal. 1 (67), 41–46 (in Russian).

6. Ries L. G., Alves M. C., Berzin F. (2008) Asymmetric Activation of Temporalis, Masseter, and Sternocleidomastoid Muscles in Temporomandibular Disorder Patients. Cranio. 26 (1), 59–64.

7. Rubnikovich S. P., Grishchenkov A. S., Denisova Yu. L. (2019) Clinical Photoprotocol as a Resource of Diagnostics and Dynamic Observation in the Treatment of Patients with Masticatory Muscle Parafunctions Complicated by TMJ Functional Disorders. Dentist. 34 (3), 40–45 (in Russian).

8. Rubnikovich S. P., Kuzmenko E. V., Denisova Yu. L., Boginsky O. Yu., Andreeva V. A., Timchuk Ya. I. (2018) The Prevalence of Dentoalveolar Anomalies and Deformities Among the School Age Population of Vitebsk. Dentist. 31 (4), 39–43 (in Russian).

9. Costa Y. M., Porporatti A. L., Stuginski-Barbosa J., Bonjardim L. R., Speciali J. G., Rodrigues Conti P. C. (2015) Headache Attributed to Masticatory Myofascial Pain: Clinical Features and Management Outcomes. Journal of Oral Facial Pain Headache. 29 (4), 323–330.

10. Glaros A. G., Williams K., Lausten L. (2005) The Role of Parafunctions, Emotions and Stress in Predicting Facial Pain. Journal of the American Dental Association. 136 (4), 451–458.

11. Rubnikovich S. P., Baradina I. N., Denisova Yu. L., Borodin D. M. (2018) Therapeutic Measures Promoting Restorative Processes of the Dental System in Patients with Bruxism. Stomatology. Aesthetics. Innovations. 1 (3), 306–316 (in Russian).

12. Rubnikovich S. P., Baradina I. N., Serdyuchenko N. S., Denisova Yu. L., Borodin D. M., Grishchenkov A. S. (2019) Diagnostics of Diseases of the Temporomandibular Joint. Minsk, Belоruskaya Nauka Publ. (in Russian).

13. Rubnikovich S. P., Grishchenkov A. S., Denisova Yu. L. (2020) Modern Methods of Orthopedic Treatment in Complex Rehabilitation of Patients with Musculoskeletal Dysfunctions in Combination with Signs of Bruxism. Dentist. 37 (2), 55–63 (in Russian).

14. Silin A. V., Satygo E. A., Semeleva E. I., Lila A. M. (2014). Electromyographic Examination of the Masticatory Muscles in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint. Dentistry. 93 (3), 31–34 (in Russian).

15. Rubnikovich S. P., Denisova Yu. L., Kuzmenko E. V., Andreeva V. A., Timchuk Ya. I., Shejda A. V. (2019) Prevalence of Dentoalveolar Anomalies and Deformities Among Children of the Brest Region Sought for Dental Care. Dentist. 35 (4), 8–13 (in Russian).

16. Rubnikovich S. P., Baradina I. N., Denisova Yu. L. (2015) Prognosis and Treatment of Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction. Military Medicine. 34 (1), 47–52 (in Russian).

17. Rubnikovich S. P., Borodin D. M., Denisova Y. L., Baradina I. N. (2018) Features of Diagnostic Measures for Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction and Signs of Bruxism. Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin. 25 (5), 77–82 (in Russian).