Spherotron Tuning in the Centimeter Range

Abstract

The effect of the systematic component appearance (deceleration and acceleration) during asynchronous electron interaction with an inhomogeneous electromagnetic field suggests not only the academic interest [1–4] (as a new physical phenomenon), but can also have practical usage in special microwave generators of various ranges. Earlier, the following types of devices were proposed: a coaxial diode generator-diotron [5] and a spherotron based on a two-spherical resonator [6, 7]. Along with some advantages, these devices have a significant disadvantage: the frequency tuning of such generators is difficult due to the fixed resonator oscillation type by the given geometry. This article proposes and analyzes a new type of spherotron, the resonator of which consists of a coaxial line segment loaded on a two-spherical capacitor, in which the interaction between radially converging electron beams and an increasing radial electric field of the resonator run. In the coaxial line (the inductive resonator component) there is an impedance transformer (adjustable waveguide transformer with two dielectric plates) [8] consisting of movable quarter-wave washers. Their movement togather changes the resonator frequency and the mutual moving towards and away from each other is the relation with the load. The coaxial line is connected by the pin to the output waveguide. The proposed spherotron calculation showed the possibility of achieving an efficiency of up 30 % and being tuned in the given band of up 30 % with changing the accelerating voltage V0 = 1.12 V. This generator type is demanded in special (small-sized) communication systems, Doppler radar, electronic warfare with frequency tuning [9], in biochemical research and technology [10], in biological research [11], and in molecular synthesis.