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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bsuir</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады БГУИР</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady BGUIR</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-7648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-0382</issn><publisher><publisher-name>БГУИР</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35596/1729-7648-2026-24-2-37-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bsuir-4340</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние внеосевого освещения на оптимизацию технологического процесса проекционной фотолитографии с проектными нормами 250–350 нм</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Impact of Off-Axis Illumination on the Optimization of the 250–350 nm Projection Photolithography Process</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаревич</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharevich</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захаревич Андрей Анатольевич  вед. инж.; магистр техн. наук, асп. каф. электронной техники и технологии</p><p>220108, Минск, ул. Казинца, 121а</p><p>Тел.: +375 29 572-01-78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zakharevich Andrei, Leading Engineer; Master Sci. (Tech.), Postgraduate of the Department of Electronic Engineering and Technology</p><p>220108, Minsk, Kazintsa St., 121a</p><p>Tel.: +375 29 572-01-78</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andyzahar@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ловшенко</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lovshenko</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ловшенко И. Ю., зав. науч.-исслед. лаб. «Компьютерное проектирование микро- и наноэлектронных систем» (НИЛ 4.4)</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Research Laboratory “CAD in Micro- and Nanoelectronics” (Lab 4.4)</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОАО «ИНТЕГРАЛ» – управляющая компания холдинга «ИНТЕГРАЛ»; Белорусский государственный университет информатики и радиоэлектроники</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC “INTEGRAL” – Manager Holding Company “INTEGRAL”; Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет информатики и радиоэлектроники</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Захаревич А.А., Ловшенко И.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Захаревич А.А., Ловшенко И.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zakharevich A., Lovshenko I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.bsuir.by/jour/article/view/4340">https://doklady.bsuir.by/jour/article/view/4340</self-uri><abstract><p>С увеличением плотности интеграции и уменьшением размеров элементов появляется необходимость оптимизации технологических процессов фотолитографии. Для повышения разрешающей способности и глубины фокуса объективов проекционного оборудования, работающего в УФ-диапазоне на базе ртутных газоразрядных ламп, эффективно применение внеосевого освещения. Метод внеосевого освещения уменьшает дифракционные ограничения и повышает разрешающую способность при проектных нормах порядка 250–350 нм. В статье представлены результаты комплексного анализа методов формирования и оптимизации систем внеосевого освещения в проекционной фотолитографии, предложен и апробирован метод имитации внеосевого кольцевого освещения для установок, не имеющих штатных систем повышения разрешения, эффективность и адекватность которого подтверждены проведенными экспериментальными исследованиями.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>With increasing integration density and decreasing feature sizes, there is a need to optimize photolithography processes. Off-axis illumination is effective in increasing the resolution and depth of focus of lenses in projection equipment operating in the UV range using mercury-vapor discharge lamps. Off-axis illumination reduces diffraction limitations and improves resolution within design limits of approximately 250–350 nm. This article presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of methods for developing and optimizing off-axis illumination systems in projection photolithography. A method for simulating off-axis ring illumination for systems lacking standard resolution enhancement systems is proposed and tested. The effectiveness and adequacy of this method are confirmed by experimental studies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>проекционная фотолитография</kwd><kwd>внеосевое освещение</kwd><kwd>разрешающая способность</kwd><kwd>проектные нормы интегральных микросхем</kwd><kwd>глубина фокуса</kwd><kwd>минимальный элемент разрешения</kwd><kwd>оборудование проекционной печати</kwd><kwd>экспонирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>projection photolithography</kwd><kwd>off-axis illumination</kwd><kwd>resolution</kwd><kwd>integrated circuit design rules</kwd><kwd>depth of focus</kwd><kwd>minimum resolution element</kwd><kwd>projection printing equipment</kwd><kwd>exposure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mack C. A. (2007) Fundamental Principles of Optical Lithography: The Science of Microfabrication. 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