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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bsuir</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады БГУИР</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady BGUIR</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-7648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-0382</issn><publisher><publisher-name>БГУИР</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35596/1729-7648-2025-23-5-53-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bsuir-4207</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Компьютерное моделирование деформации  кварцевой двояковыпуклой линзы при вакуумном креплении в интерферометре</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Computer-Based Simulation of Deformation of a Quartz Biconvex Lens During Vacuum Mounting in an Interferometer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ходяков</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khadziakou</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ходяков Илья Витальевич, инж.-техн.; магистрант каф. электронной техники и технологии,</p><p>220033, Минск, просп. Партизанский, 2, корп. 2.</p><p>Тел.: +375 29 331-72-46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya V. Khadziakou, Process Engineer; Master’s Student at the Department of Electronic Engineering and Technology</p><p>2, Bld. 2, Partizansky Ave., Minsk, 220033.</p><p>Tel.: +375 29 331-72-46.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hodyakov12@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарцов</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makartsou</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарцов И. О., инж.; магистрант каф. электронной техники и технологии,</p><p>Минск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan O. Makartsou, Engineer; Master’s Student at the Department of Electronic Engineering and Technology,</p><p>Minsk.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОАО «Планар»; Белорусский государственный университет информатики и радиоэлектроники</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Open Joint-Stock Company “Planar”; Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ходяков И.В., Макарцов И.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ходяков И.В., Макарцов И.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khadziakou I.V., Makartsou I.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.bsuir.by/jour/article/view/4207">https://doklady.bsuir.by/jour/article/view/4207</self-uri><abstract><p>Современные проекционно-оптические системы, такие как DUV-литография и высокоапертурные объективы, требуют высокой точности обработки поверхностей, что делает учет механических деформаций оптических элементов особенно важным. В статье представлены результаты компьютерного моделирования деформации кварцевой двояковыпуклой линзы диаметром 195 мм под воздействием вакуума. Исследование выполнено в программных комплексах CAE (Computer-aided engineering) с различными алгоритмами расчетов. Использовалась модель линзы, спроектированная в системе CAD (Computer-aided design). Материал линзы – кварцевое стекло с модулем Юнга 72 ГПа и коэффициентом Пуассона 0,17. Установлено, что рабочий перепад давления 15 кПа вызывает неравномерную деформацию поверхности линзы с максимальными значениями от 22,59 до 23,24 нм в зависимости от алгоритма расчета. Расхождение между результатами составило 2,8 %. Установлена линейная зависимость деформации от перепада давления: при изменении перепада с 0 до 18 кПа деформация возрастает от 0,75 до 27,74 нм. Наибольшее искажение поверхности наблюдается в центральной зоне линзы, что критично для интерферометрических измерений, требующих точности в нанометровом диапазоне. Результаты подчеркивают необходимость корректировки параметров вакуумного крепления для минимизации деформаций и повышения качества обработки оптических поверхностей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern projection optical systems, such as DUV lithography and high-numerical-aperture objectives, require extremely high surface machining accuracy, making the consideration of mechanical deformations of optical elements particularly critical. This paper presents the results of a computer simulation of the deformation of a 195 mm diameter fused silica biconvex lens under vacuum. The study was performed in CAE (Computer-aided engineering) software suites employing different calculation algorithms. A lens model designed in a CAD (Computer-aided design) system was used. The lens material is fused silica with a Young’s modulus of 72 GPa and a Poisson’s ratio of 0.17. It was established that an operational pressure differential of 15 kPa causes non-uniform deformation of the lens surface, with maximum values ranging from 22.59 to 23.24 nm, depending on the calculation algorithm. The discrepancy between the results was 2.8 %. A linear dependence of deformation on the pressure differential was established: as the pressure differential changes from 0 to 18 kPa, the deformation increases from 0.75 to 27.74 nm. The greatest surface distortion is observed in the central zone of the lens, which is critical for interferometric measurements requiring nanometer-level accuracy. The results underscore the necessity of adjusting vacuum mounting parameters to minimize deformations and improve the quality of optical surface machining.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метод конечных элементов</kwd><kwd>механические напряжения</kwd><kwd>интерферометрический анализ</kwd><kwd>программный комплекс CAE</kwd><kwd>система CAD</kwd><kwd>интерферометрия</kwd><kwd>вакуумное крепление</kwd><kwd>нанометровая деформация</kwd><kwd>гибридная адаптация сетки</kwd><kwd>кривизна поверхности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>finite element method</kwd><kwd>mechanical stresses</kwd><kwd>interferometric analysis</kwd><kwd>CAE software</kwd><kwd>CAD system</kwd><kwd>interferometry</kwd><kwd>vacuum mounting</kwd><kwd>nanometer-scale deformation</kwd><kwd>hybrid mesh adaptation</kwd><kwd>surface curvature</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morphology Evolution of Fused Silica Surface During Ion Beam Figuring of High-Slope Optical Components / W. 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