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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bsuir</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады БГУИР</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady BGUIR</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-7648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-0382</issn><publisher><publisher-name>БГУИР</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35596/1729-7648-2021-19-4-61-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bsuir-3109</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА, РАДИОФИЗИКА, РАДИОТЕХНИКА, ИНФОРМАТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTRONICS, RADIOPHYSICS, RADIOENGINEERING, INFORMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разделение изображений на области локальных экстремумов с монотонным изменением яркости пикселей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Division of images into areas of local extrema with a monotonic change in pixel brightness</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нгуен</surname><given-names>А. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры инфокоммуникационных технологий</p><p>г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anh Tuan Nguyen, Pоstgraduate student at the Department of Infocommunication Technologies </p><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цветков</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsviatkou</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цветков Виктор Юрьевич, д.т.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой инфокоммуникационных технологий</p><p>220013, Республика Беларусь, г. Минск, ул. П. Бровки, 6тел. +375-017-293-84-08</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tsviatkou Viktar Yur’evich, D.Sc., Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Infocommunication Technologies</p><p>220013, Republic of Belarus, Minsk, P. Brovki str., 6tel. +375-017-293-84-08</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vtsvet@bsuir.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет информатики и радиоэлектроники</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нгуен А.Т., Цветков В.Ю., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нгуен А.Т., Цветков В.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nguyen A.T., Tsviatkou V.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.bsuir.by/jour/article/view/3109">https://doklady.bsuir.by/jour/article/view/3109</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается задача сегментации полутоновых изображений, при которой выделяются области локальных максимумов и минимумов (экстремумов) с монотонным изменением яркости пикселей от локальных экстремумов к границам областей. Для решения данной задачи предложена математическая модель и разработан алгоритм сегментации на основе встречного волнового выращивания областей локальных экстремумов. Разработанный алгоритм отличается от известных алгоритмов сегментации использованием множества порогов яркости (по числу областей), изменяющихся на единицу в каждом цикле, начиная от значений локальных экстремумов, с учетом увеличения или уменьшения яркости для выбора смежных пикселей, присоединяемых к областям, образованным от этих локальных экстремумов. Алгоритм обеспечивает большее отклонение яркостей пикселей от среднего значения в пределах области по сравнению с известными алгоритмами сегментации. Это не позволяет оценивать его эффективность с помощью известных показателей, основанных на дисперсии яркости в пределах области. В этой связи предложены оценки монотонности изменения яркости областей на основе кратчайших расстояний от каждого пикселя области до соответствующего локального экстремума по маршрутам, определяемым максимальным увеличением (для области локального максимума) или уменьшением (для области локального минимума) яркости пикселей, и учета количества пикселей, прерывающих монотонность изменения яркости сегмента. С помощью данных оценок показано, что предложенный алгоритм обеспечивает сегментацию искусственных и естественных полутоновых изображений с монотонным изменением яркости пикселей в областях локальных экстремумов. Данные свойства позволяют рассматривать разработанный алгоритм в качестве основы для выделения на изображениях текселей, пятен, малоконтрастных объектов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this paper, the problem of segmentation of halftone images is considered, in which areas of local maxima and minima (extrema) are distinguished with a monotonic change in the brightness of pixels from local extrema to the boundaries of areas. To solve this problem, a mathematical model is proposed and a segmentation algorithm is developed on the basis of counter-wave growing of local extremum regions. The developed algorithm differs from the known segmentation algorithms by using a set of brightness thresholds (by the number of regions), varying by one in each cycle, starting from the values of local extrema, taking into account the increase or decrease in brightness to select adjacent pixels that are attached to the regions formed from these local extrema. The algorithm provides a greater deviation of pixel brightness from the average value within the region compared to known segmentation algorithms. This does not allow evaluating its efficiency using known indicators based on the variance of the brightness within the region. In this regard, estimates of the monotonicity of changes in the brightness of regions are proposed based on a) the shortest distances from each pixel of the region to the corresponding local extremum along the routes determined by the maximum increase (for the region of the local maximum) or decrease (for the region of the local minimum) the brightness of pixels and b) taking into account the number pixels that break the monotony of the segment brightness change. Using these estimates, it is shown that the proposed algorithm provides segmentation of artificial and natural grayscale images with a monotonic change in the brightness of pixels in the areas of local extrema. These properties allow us to consider the developed algorithm as a basis for the selection of texels, spots, low-contrast objects in images.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сегментация изображений</kwd><kwd>встречное волновое выращивание областей</kwd><kwd>локальные экстремумы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>image segmentation</kwd><kwd>counter-wave growing</kwd><kwd>local extrema</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Otsu N. A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. 1979;9:62-66. DOI:10.1109/TSMC.1979.4310076.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Otsu N. A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms. IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. 1979;9:62-66. 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