<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bsuir</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Доклады БГУИР</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doklady BGUIR</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1729-7648</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2708-0382</issn><publisher><publisher-name>БГУИР</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35596/1729-7648-2020-18-3-72-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bsuir-2671</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОНИКА, РАДИОФИЗИКА, РАДИОТЕХНИКА, ИНФОРМАТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTRONICS, RADIOPHYSICS, RADIOENGINEERING, INFORMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нитрид-галлиевый транзистор с высокой подвижностью электронов с эффективной системой теплоотвода на основе графена</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor with an effective graphene-based heat removal system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волчёк</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volcheck</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волчёк Владислав Сергеевич - младший научный сотрудник НиЛ 4.4 НиЧ.</p><p>220013, Минск, ул. П. Бровки, 6.</p><p>тел. +375 17 293 84 09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav S. Volcheck - research assistant of the R&amp;D laboratory 4.4 of R&amp;D Department of Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics.</p><p>220013, Minsk, P. Brovki str., 6.</p><p>tel. + 375 17 293 84 09</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vlad.volchek@bsuir.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ловшенко</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lovshenko</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Заведующий НиЛ 4.4 НиЧ.</p><p>220013, Минск, ул. П. Бровки, 6.</p><p>тел. +375 17 293 84 09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan Yu. Lovshenko - Head of the R&amp;D laboratory 4.4 of R&amp;D Department of Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics.</p><p>220013, Minsk, P. Brovki str., 6.</p><p>tel. + 375 17 293 84 09</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шандарович</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shandarovich</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник НиЛ 4.4 НиЧ.</p><p>220013, Минск, ул. П. Бровки, 6.</p><p>тел. +375 17 293 84 09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veranika T. Shandarovich - research assistant of the R&amp;D laboratory 4.4 of R&amp;D Department of Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics.</p><p>220013, Minsk, P. Brovki str., 6.</p><p>tel. + 375 17 293 84 09</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ха</surname><given-names>Дао Динь</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ha</surname><given-names>Dao Dinh</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, исследователь Вьетнамского государственного технического университета им. Ле Куй Дона.</p><p>220013, Минск, ул. П. Бровки, 6.</p><p>тел. +375 17 293 84 09</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dao Dinh Ha - PhD, researcher of Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.</p><p>220013, Minsk, P. Brovki str., 6.</p><p>tel. + 375 17 293 84 09</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет информатики и радиоэлектроники</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волчёк В.С., Ловшенко И.Ю., Шандарович В.Т., Ха Д.Д., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волчёк В.С., Ловшенко И.Ю., Шандарович В.Т., Ха Д.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volcheck V.S., Lovshenko I.Y., Shandarovich V.T., Ha D.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://doklady.bsuir.by/jour/article/view/2671">https://doklady.bsuir.by/jour/article/view/2671</self-uri><abstract><p>Эффект саморазогрева представляет собой основную проблему для мощных электронных, оптоэлектронных и фотонных приборов на основе нитрида галлия. Среднее увеличение температуры и чрезвычайно неравномерное распределение рассеиваемой мощности в структуре транзистора с высокой подвижностью электронов на основе нитрида галлия, следствием чего является образование области с очень высокой температурой в окрестности проводящего канала, приводит к деградации тока стока, выходной мощности, коэффициента усиления и ухудшению надежности прибора. Цель работы -разработка конструкции с помощью численного моделирования и исследование особенностей тепловых процессов, протекающих в структуре транзистора с высокой подвижностью электронов на основе нитрида галлия с системой теплоотвода на основе графена. Объектом исследования являются структуры, созданные на подложках сапфира, кремния и карбида кремния. Предметом исследования являются электрические, частотные и тепловые характеристики транзистора с высокой подвижностью электронов на основе нитрида галлия с системой теплоотвода на основе графена. Результаты расчетов показывают эффективность внедрения в конструкцию транзистора с высокой подвижностью электронов графенового теплоотводящего элемента, позволяющего уменьшить влияние эффекта саморазогрева и улучшить эксплуатационные характеристики прибора. Преимущество предлагаемой концепции состоит в том, что теплоотводящий элемент на основе графена конструктивно соединен с теплопоглощающим элементом и предназначен для отведения тепла непосредственно от области максимальной температуры. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы предприятиями электронной промышленности Республики Беларусь при создании элементной базы силовой электроники на основе нитрида галлия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The self-heating effect is a major problem for gallium nitride electronic, optoelectronic and photonic devices. Average temperature increase and non-uniform distribution of dissipated power in the gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor lead to the forming of a hot spot in the vicinity of the conducting channel and to degradation of the drain current, output power and gain, as well as poor reliability. The purpose of this work is to develop the design using numerical simulation and to study the thermal phenomena that occur in the gallium nitride high-electron mobility transistor with a graphene-based heat removal system. The objects of the research are the structures fabricated on sapphire, silicon and silicon carbide substrates. The subject of the research is the electrical, frequency and thermal characteristics of the gallium nitride high-electron mobility transistor with a graphene-based heat removal system. The calculation results show that the integration of a graphene-based heat removal element into the design of the high electron mobility transistor can effectively mitigate the self-heating effect and thus improve the device performance. The advantage of the proposed concept is that the graphene-based heat removal element is structurally connected with a heat sink and aims at removing heat immediately from the maximum temperature region, providing an additional heat escape channel. The obtained results can be used by the electronics industry of the Republic of Belarus for developing the hardware components of gallium nitride power electronics.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>проектирование</kwd><kwd>высокочастотный транзистор</kwd><kwd>гетероструктура</kwd><kwd>полупроводник</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>design</kwd><kwd>high-frequency transistor</kwd><kwd>heterostructure</kwd><kwd>semiconductor</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования проводились в рамках проекта «Разработка конструкции нитрид-галлиевого транзистора с высокой подвижностью электронов с эффективной системой теплоотвода на основе графена» при финансовой поддержке Белорусского республиканского фонда фундаментальных исследований (№ Т18М-108). Авторы выражают благодарность Барановой М.С. и Гвоздовскому Д.Ч. за предоставление данных о температурной зависимости теплопроводности нитрида кремния.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuzmik J., Bychikhin S., Pichonat E., Gaquiere C., Morvan E., Kohn E., Teyssier J.-P. Pogany D. SelfHeating Phenomena in High-Power III-N Transistors and New Thermal Characterization Methods Developed Within EU Project TARGET. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies. 2009;1(2):153-160. DOI: 10.1017/S1759078709990444.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuzmik J., Bychikhin S., Pichonat E., Gaquiere C., Morvan E., Kohn E., Teyssier J.-P. Pogany D. SelfHeating Phenomena in High-Power III-N Transistors and New Thermal Characterization Methods Developed Within EU Project TARGET. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies. 2009;1(2):153-160. DOI: 10.1017/S1759078709990444.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun J., Fatima H., Koudymov A., Chitnis A., Hu X., Wang H.-M., Zhang J., Simin G., Yang J., Asif Khan M. Thermal Management of AlGaN-GaN HFETs on Sapphire Using Flip-Chip Bonding with Epoxy Underfill. IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2003;24(6):375-377. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2003.813362.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun J., Fatima H., Koudymov A., Chitnis A., Hu X., Wang H.-M., Zhang J., Simin G., Yang J., Asif Khan M. Thermal Management of AlGaN-GaN HFETs on Sapphire Using Flip-Chip Bonding with Epoxy Underfill. IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2003;24(6):375-377. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2003.813362.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Felbinger J.G., Chandra M.V.S., Sun Y., Eastman L.F., Wasserbauer J., Faili F., Babic D., Francis D., Ejeckam F. Comparison of GaN HEMTs on Diamond and SiC Substrates. IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2007;28(11):948-950. DOI: 10.1149/2.0441712jss.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Felbinger J.G., Chandra M.V.S., Sun Y., Eastman L.F., Wasserbauer J., Faili F., Babic D., Francis D., Ejeckam F. Comparison of GaN HEMTs on Diamond and SiC Substrates. IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2007;28(11):948-950. DOI: 10.1149/2.0441712jss.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hirama K., Taniyasu Y., Kasu M. AlGaN/GaN High-Electron Mobility Transistors with Low Thermal Resistance Grown on Single-Crystal Diamond (111) Substrates by Metalorganic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy. Applied Physics Letters. 2011;98(16):162112-1-162112-3. DOI: 10.1063/1.3574531.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hirama K., Taniyasu Y., Kasu M. AlGaN/GaN High-Electron Mobility Transistors with Low Thermal Resistance Grown on Single-Crystal Diamond (111) Substrates by Metalorganic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy. Applied Physics Letters. 2011;98(16):162112-1-162112-3. DOI: 10.1063/1.3574531.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pavlidis G., Kim S.H., Abid I., Zegaoui M., Medjdoub F., Graham S. The Effects of AlN and Copper Back Side Deposition on the Performance of Etched Back GaN/Si HEMTs. IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2019;40(7):1060-1063. DOI: 10.1109/LED.2019.2915984.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavlidis G., Kim S.H., Abid I., Zegaoui M., Medjdoub F., Graham S. The Effects of AlN and Copper Back Side Deposition on the Performance of Etched Back GaN/Si HEMTs. IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2019;40(7):1060-1063. DOI: 10.1109/LED.2019.2915984.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grishakov K.S., Elesin V.F., Kargin N.I., Ryzhuk R.V., Minnebaev S.V. Effect of a Diamond Heat Spreader on the Characteristics of Gallium-Nitride-Based Transistors. Russian Microelectronics. 2016;45(1):41-53. DOI: 10.1134/S1063739716010054.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grishakov K.S., Elesin V.F., Kargin N.I., Ryzhuk R.V., Minnebaev S.V. Effect of a Diamond Heat Spreader on the Characteristics of Gallium-Nitride-Based Transistors. Russian Microelectronics. 2016;45(1):41-53. DOI: 10.1134/S1063739716010054.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rajan S., Waltereit P., Poblenz C., Heikman S.J., Green D.S., Speck J.S., Mishra U.K. Power Performance of AlGaN-GaN HEMTs Grown on SiC by Plasma-Assisted MBE. IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2004;25(5):247-249. DOI: 10.1109/LED.2004.826977.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rajan S., Waltereit P., Poblenz C., Heikman S.J., Green D.S., Speck J.S., Mishra U.K. Power Performance of AlGaN-GaN HEMTs Grown on SiC by Plasma-Assisted MBE. IEEE Electron Device Letters. 2004;25(5):247-249. DOI: 10.1109/LED.2004.826977.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balandin A.A. Thermal Properties of Graphene and Nanostructured Carbon Materials. Nature Materials. 2011;10:569-581. DOI: 10.1038/NMAT3064.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balandin A.A. Thermal Properties of Graphene and Nanostructured Carbon Materials. Nature Materials. 2011;10:569-581. DOI: 10.1038/NMAT3064.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yan Z., Liu G., Khan J.M., Balandin A.A. Graphene Quilts for Thermal Management of High-Power GaN Transistors. Nature Communications. 2012;3:827:1-8. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1828.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yan Z., Liu G., Khan J.M., Balandin A.A. Graphene Quilts for Thermal Management of High-Power GaN Transistors. Nature Communications. 2012;3:827:1-8. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1828.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farahmand M., Garetto C., Bellotti E., Brennan K.F., Goano M., Ghillino E., Ghione G., Albrecht J.D., Ruden P.P. Monte Carlo Simulation of Electron Transport in the III-Nitride Wurtzite Phase Materials System: Binaries and Ternaries. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. 2001;48(3):535-542. DOI: 10.1109/16.906448.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Farahmand M., Garetto C., Bellotti E., Brennan K.F., Goano M., Ghillino E., Ghione G., Albrecht J.D., Ruden P.P. Monte Carlo Simulation of Electron Transport in the III-Nitride Wurtzite Phase Materials System: Binaries and Ternaries. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. 2001;48(3):535-542. DOI: 10.1109/16.906448.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wachutka G.K. Rigorous Thermodynamic Treatment of Heat Generation and Conduction in Semiconductor Device Modeling. IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design. 1990;9(11):1141-1149. DOI: 10.1109/43.62751.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wachutka G.K. Rigorous Thermodynamic Treatment of Heat Generation and Conduction in Semiconductor Device Modeling. IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design. 1990;9(11):1141-1149. DOI: 10.1109/43.62751.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burgemeister E.A., von Muench W., Pettenpaul E. Thermal Conductivity and Electrical Properties of 6H Silicon Carbide. Journal of Applied Physics. 1979;50(9):5790-5794. DOI: 10.1063/1.326720.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burgemeister E.A., von Muench W., Pettenpaul E. Thermal Conductivity and Electrical Properties of 6H Silicon Carbide. Journal of Applied Physics. 1979;50(9):5790-5794. DOI: 10.1063/1.326720.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hofmeister A.M. Thermal Diffusivity and Thermal Conductivity of Single-Crystal MgO and АЕОэ and Related Compounds as a Function of Temperature. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals. 2014;41:361-371. DOI: 10.1007/s00269-014-0655-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hofmeister A.M. Thermal Diffusivity and Thermal Conductivity of Single-Crystal MgO and АЕОэ and Related Compounds as a Function of Temperature. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals. 2014;41:361-371. DOI: 10.1007/s00269-014-0655-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piprek J. semiconductor optoelectronic Devices: Introduction to Physics and simulation. San Diego, California: Academic Press; 2003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piprek J. semiconductor optoelectronic Devices: Introduction to Physics and simulation. San Diego, California: Academic Press; 2003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fornarini L., Conde J.C., Alvani C., Olevano D., Chiussi S. Experimental Determination of La2O3 Thermal Conductivity and Its Application to the Thermal Analysis of a-Ge/La2O3/c-Si Laser Annealing. Thin solid Films. 2008;516:7400-7405. DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2008.02.032.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fornarini L., Conde J.C., Alvani C., Olevano D., Chiussi S. Experimental Determination of La2O3 Thermal Conductivity and Its Application to the Thermal Analysis of a-Ge/La2O3/c-Si Laser Annealing. Thin solid Films. 2008;516:7400-7405. DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2008.02.032.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
